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PM511V16 Processor Module

Ethernet is a baseband local area network technology, Ethernet communication is a kind of coaxial cable as the network media, the use of carrier multiple access and collision detection mechanism of communication mode, the data transmission rate of 1Gbit/s, can meet the needs of non-continuous network data transmission.

All the sites in the Ethernet share a communication channel. When sending data, the site broadcasts the data frame it wants to send on this channel. All other sites on the Ethernet can receive this frame. Once it is confirmed that it is sent to you, the frame is copied for further processing.

Because multiple sites can send data to the network at the same time, the CSMA/CD protocol is used in Ethernet to reduce and avoid conflicts. The workstation that needs to send data must first listen for whether there is data being sent on the network. If there is, the workstation can send data only when it detects that the network is idle. A conflict occurs when two workstations find that the network is idle while sending data at the same time. At this point, the transfer operation of both sites is damaged, and the workstation performs a 1-persist retreat operation. The length of the retreat time is determined by the binary exponential random time retreat algorithm.

The frame format in Ethernet defines how the site interprets the binary strings coming from the physical layer, that is, how it separates the fields with different meanings in the received data frames. Because of historical development, there are several Ethernet frame formats, including different ones defined by DIX(DEC, Intel, and Xerox) and IEEE 802.3. But what is widely used in TCP/IP Internet architecture is the frame format defined in the Ethernet V2 standard defined by DIX in 1982, which is the de facto standard for Ethernet.

Ethernet V2 frame structure includes 6-byte source MAC address, 6-byte destination MAC address, 2-byte protocol type field, data field and frame verification field, MAC address is a six-byte long binary sequence, the world unique identification of a network card.

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